The natural order hypothesis explained: why learners acquire grammatical structures in a predictable sequence regardless of teaching order, and what it means for instruction.
The monitor hypothesis explained: Krashen's account of how learned grammar rules edit acquired speech, the three conditions it requires, and why over-monitoring blocks fluency.
The silent period explained: what it is, how long it lasts, why it is normal, and how to tell it apart from a student who simply has no chance to speak.
A $58K humanoid robot is joining a NY classroom this fall. The bigger question for district leaders: which classroom robots actually reach every student?
